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Voice disorders are often associated with physical issues related to the vocal cords or laryngeal function that can lead to problems with pitch, volume, or quality of voice. In many cases, these disorders may stem from structural abnormalities, such as nodules, polyps, or other lesions on the vocal cords, which can impede normal voice production. Surgical interventions are sometimes necessary to remove these abnormalities or repair the vocal structures to restore proper voice function.

In contrast, fluency disorders primarily involve the flow of speech and are typically addressed through behavioral therapies rather than surgical procedures. Articulation disorders focus on the correct production of speech sounds and are usually treated with therapy aimed at improving speech clarity. Language disorders are concerned with comprehension and expression of language rather than physical structures of speech, and they generally involve educational interventions rather than surgery. Thus, voice disorders are the category that most often incorporates surgical remediation as part of their treatment plan.